Definition: Private Blockchain Governance (permissioned) refers to a system of rules and regulations established by European member states and private companies to ensure interoperability in the field of IT. It involves the use of blockchain technology, where access to the blockchain is restricted to a select group of participants who have been granted permission. This governance framework aims to facilitate secure and efficient data exchange and collaboration between member states and private companies, enabling them to share information and resources while maintaining control over their data. It provides a standardized approach to ensure compatibility and seamless integration of IT systems, promoting interoperability and enhancing the overall efficiency and effectiveness of operations within the European IT ecosystem. Additional information: Private blockchain governance refers to the rules, processes, and mechanisms that govern the operation and management of a private or permissioned blockchain network. In the context of European IT interoperability among member states and private companies, private blockchain governance plays a crucial role in ensuring the efficient and secure exchange of information and data. Private blockchains are different from public blockchains like Bitcoin or Ethereum, as they are restricted to a specific group of participants who have been granted permission to join the network. In the case of European IT interoperability, this would involve member states and private companies that are part of the network. The governance of a private blockchain network involves several key aspects: 1. Membership and Access Control: Private blockchains have a predefined set of participants who are granted permission to join the network. The governance framework defines the criteria for membership and the process for granting access to new participants. This ensures that only trusted entities can participate in the network, enhancing security and privacy. 2. Consensus Mechanism: Consensus is a fundamental aspect of blockchain governance, as it determines how transactions are validated and added to the blockchain. In a private blockchain, the consensus mechanism is typically more efficient and faster compared to public blockchains. The governance framework defines the consensus algorithm used, such as Proof of Authority or Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance, to ensure agreement among network participants. 3. Data and Information Sharing: Interoperability among member states and private companies requires the sharing of data and information. The governance framework establishes the rules and protocols for data exchange, including data formats, encryption standards, and access controls. It ensures that data is shared securely and in compliance with relevant regulations, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union. 4. Smart Contract Deployment and Execution: Smart contracts are self-executing contracts with predefined rules and conditions. They automate business processes and transactions on the blockchain. The governance framework outlines the process for deploying and executing smart contracts, including the validation and verification mechanisms. It ensures that smart contracts are reliable, secure, and aligned with the legal and regulatory requirements of the participating entities. 5. Dispute Resolution: In any blockchain network, disputes may arise regarding transactions, data integrity, or governance itself. The governance framework defines the mechanisms for dispute resolution, including the formation of arbitration panels or the involvement of trusted third parties. It ensures that conflicts are resolved fairly and efficiently, maintaining trust among network participants. 6. Upgrades and Evolution: Blockchain technology is continuously evolving, and the governance framework should address the process for upgrades, improvements, and the introduction of new features. It may include mechanisms for proposing and approving changes, testing protocols, and ensuring backward compatibility. This allows the network to adapt to changing requirements and technological advancements. In the context of European IT interoperability, private blockchain governance aims to establish a standardized and secure framework for member states and private companies to exchange information and collaborate. It ensures that the network operates efficiently, securely, and in compliance with relevant regulations, fostering trust and enabling seamless interoperability among participants. Example: One example of the application of private blockchain governance (permissioned) in European IT interoperability among member states and private companies is the European Blockchain Services Infrastructure (EBSI). EBSI is a project initiated by the European Commission to establish a blockchain-based infrastructure for cross-border digital public services. 1. Cross-Border Data Sharing: Private blockchain governance can facilitate secure and efficient cross-border data sharing among member states and private companies. EBSI aims to provide a trusted and decentralized platform for sharing sensitive data, such as healthcare records, business registries, and educational qualifications, while ensuring data privacy and compliance with relevant regulations. 2. Supply Chain Management: Private blockchain governance can be applied to enhance supply chain management and interoperability across European member states. By implementing a permissioned blockchain network, companies can securely track and verify the movement of goods, ensuring transparency, traceability, and compliance with regulations. This can help streamline cross-border trade and reduce administrative burdens. 3. Intellectual Property Rights: Private blockchain governance can be utilized to manage and protect intellectual property rights across European member states. By leveraging a permissioned blockchain network, companies and creators can securely register and verify their intellectual property, such as patents, trademarks, and copyrights. This can facilitate interoperability and cross-border recognition of intellectual property rights. 4. Digital Identity Management: Private blockchain governance can enable secure and interoperable digital identity management across European member states. By implementing a permissioned blockchain network, individuals and organizations can have control over their digital identities, ensuring privacy, security, and seamless authentication across different services and jurisdictions. 5. Financial Services: Private blockchain governance can be applied to enhance interoperability and efficiency in financial services across European member states. By implementing a permissioned blockchain network, financial institutions can securely share and verify customer data, facilitate cross-border payments, and streamline regulatory compliance processes. This can foster innovation, reduce costs, and improve financial inclusion. These examples demonstrate how private blockchain governance can be utilized to enhance European IT interoperability among member states and private companies, enabling secure and efficient cross-border collaboration in various sectors. LOST view: TVA-Governance Architecture Principles Identifier: http://data.europa.eu/dr8/egovera/PrivateBlockChainGovernanceBusinessObject EIRA traceability: eira:InteroperabilityGovernance ABB name: egovera:PrivateBlockChainGovernanceBusinessObject EIRA concept: eira:ArchitectureBuildingBlock Last modification: 2023-05-22 dct:identifier: http://data.europa.eu/dr8/egovera/PrivateBlockChainGovernanceBusinessObject dct:title: Private BlockChain Governance (permissioned)